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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...

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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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Actinide topological insulator materials with strong interaction.

Xiao Zhang1, Haijun Zhang, Jing Wang

  • 1Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We predict a new class of topological insulators driven by electron interactions in actinide compounds. These materials could enable novel applications and fundamental research in condensed matter physics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Topological band insulators are known in spin-orbit coupled systems.
  • Interaction effects are crucial for novel topological phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically predict a new class of topological insulators.
  • To explore interaction-driven topological phases in actinide compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical prediction of topological phases.
  • Investigating quantum phase transitions in materials.

Main Results:

  • Discovered interaction-driven quantum phase transition to a topological insulator phase.
  • Identified actinide compounds (Pu and Am) as potential candidates.
  • Predicted a single Dirac cone on the surface of these topological insulators.

Conclusions:

  • Actinide-based topological insulators offer a unique platform for research.
  • These materials could bridge fundamental science and practical applications.