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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the exudate's...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Inflammation: Introduction01:28

Inflammation: Introduction

Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea
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Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Published on: December 23, 2022

Resolvin E2 formation and impact in inflammation resolution.

Sungwhan F Oh1, Maria Dona, Gabrielle Fredman

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|March 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Resolvin E2 (RvE2), a mediator from eicosapentaenoic acid, is naturally produced during inflammation. RvE2 enhances host protection by regulating immune cell actions and cytokine production.

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Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
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Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea
07:36

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Published on: December 23, 2022

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Inflammation resolution is crucial for tissue homeostasis.
  • Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids are key players.
  • The role of resolvin E2 (RvE2) in inflammation is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the endogenous production and function of RvE2 during inflammation.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying RvE2's proresolving actions.
  • To determine RvE2's presence and effects in human subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Murine peritonitis model to study endogenous RvE2 production.
  • In vitro assays to assess RvE2's effects on human neutrophils (chemotaxis, phagocytosis, cytokine production).
  • Radioligand binding assays to study RvE2-receptor interactions.
  • Analysis of RvE2 in human plasma samples.

Main Results:

  • RvE2 is endogenously produced during both initiation and resolution phases of murine peritonitis.
  • RvE2 (1-10 nM) regulates human neutrophil chemotaxis, enhances phagocytosis, and boosts anti-inflammatory cytokine production.
  • Specific binding of radiolabeled RvE2 to neutrophils was observed, suggesting G-protein-coupled receptor mediation.
  • RvE2 was identified in healthy human plasma and downregulated leukocyte integrin expression and platelet-activating factor responses.

Conclusions:

  • RvE2 is an endogenously produced mediator with potent proresolving and host-protective functions.
  • RvE2 acts via leukocyte G-protein-coupled receptors to modulate immune cell responses.
  • These findings highlight RvE2's significance in innate immune responses and inflammation resolution.