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Updated: May 23, 2026

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO): An Intervention Sequence
Published on: December 23, 2022
Management of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic stroke
Werner Budts1, Victor Legrand, André Peeters
1Dept. of Cardiology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. werner.budts@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
Abstract:
There is currently no consensus on the optimal management of cryptogenic stroke in the presence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Some physicians do not believe in the added value of PFO closure in cryptogenic stroke, whereas, for others, cryptogenic stroke represents a situation where PFO closure would be the best management. Because of a lack of well-designed randomized trials, guidelines do not provide a clear answer. Therefore, the cardiological and neurovascular societies in Belgium decided to write an attempt at an expert opinion paper.
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