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Diabetes: treating hypertension

Sandeep Vijan1

  • 1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|March 30, 2012
PubMed

Insights

This systematic review examines antihypertensives and blood pressure targets for people with diabetes and hypertension. It found 24 studies on interventions like ACE inhibitors and diuretics, assessing their effectiveness and safety.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension affects a significant portion of adults with diabetes, increasing cardiac event risk.
  • Over 40% of 45-year-olds and over 60% of 75-year-olds with diabetes have blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mmHg.
  • Diabetic nephropathy exacerbates the risk of major cardiac events in individuals with diabetes and hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of antihypertensive medications in patients with diabetes and hypertension.
  • To compare the impact of different blood pressure targets in this patient population.
  • To synthesize evidence on the effectiveness and safety of various antihypertensive interventions.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of medical literature was conducted.
  • Searches included Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library up to April 2011.
  • Included data from 24 systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and observational studies.

Main Results:

  • The review identified 24 relevant studies.
  • Data encompassed a range of antihypertensive drug classes and blood pressure targets.
  • Included harms alerts from regulatory agencies like the FDA and MHRA.

Conclusions:

  • Information on the effectiveness and safety of various antihypertensives is presented.
  • Interventions reviewed include alpha-blockers, ARBs, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and diuretics.
  • The impact of different blood pressure targets was also assessed.
Abstract

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