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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

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Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...

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Updated: May 23, 2026

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

Injectable hydrogels for central nervous system therapy.

Malgosia M Pakulska¹, Brian G Ballios, Molly S Shoichet

¹Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada.

Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England)

|March 30, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Injectable hydrogels offer a promising solution for delivering therapies to the central nervous system (CNS), overcoming the blood-brain barrier to improve treatment of CNS injuries and diseases.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Neuroscience
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Central nervous system (CNS) injuries and diseases result in devastating functional loss due to limited regenerative capacity and ineffective therapies.
Current therapeutic approaches for CNS disorders face significant delivery challenges, primarily due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the potential of injectable hydrogels as a drug and cell delivery system for the central nervous system (CNS).
To discuss natural and synthetic hydrogel materials for overcoming CNS delivery barriers.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on injectable hydrogels for CNS drug and cell delivery.
Discussion of various natural (e.g., hyaluronan, methylcellulose, chitosan, Matrigel) and synthetic (e.g., poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)) hydrogel materials.
Analysis of hydrogel properties for localized, sustained release of therapeutics and improved cell survival.

Main Results:

Injectable hydrogels provide a minimally invasive platform for localized delivery of therapeutics to the CNS.
Hydrogels act as depots for sustained release of drugs and provide supportive matrices for cell transplantation, enhancing survival and integration.
Biodegradable hydrogels offer the advantage of eventual elimination from the body.

Conclusions:

Injectable hydrogels represent a versatile and effective strategy for overcoming the challenges of drug and cell delivery to the CNS.
These biomaterials hold significant promise for improving functional recovery in patients with CNS diseases and injuries.