Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 23, 2026
06:03
Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis
Published on: February 6, 2020
Technical note: Criterion validity of whole body surface area equations: a comparison using 3D laser scanning
Nathan Daniell1, Timothy Olds, Grant Tomkinson
1Health and Use of Time Group, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. nathan.daniell@unisa.edu.au
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
|March 31, 2012
Summary
Most whole body surface area (WBSA) equations overestimate measurements. The Shuter and Aslani equation is most accurate for young adults, but body mass index (BMI) impacts accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Anthropometry
- Biophysics
Background:
- Whole body surface area (WBSA) estimation is crucial in diverse scientific fields.
- Current WBSA estimation relies on predictive equations due to the complexity of direct measurement.
- Variability in WBSA equation accuracy necessitates validation against precise measurement methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare WBSA measurements from a 3D scanner against 15 established predictive equations.
- To assess the impact of body mass index (BMI), sex, and athletic status on WBSA estimation accuracy.
- To identify the most accurate WBSA equation for young adult populations.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review identified 15 WBSA predictive equations.
- Direct WBSA measurements were obtained using a Vitus Smart 3D whole body scanner.
- 1,714 young adults (18-30 years) participated, including general population and rowers.
Main Results:
- Thirteen of 15 equations overestimated WBSA.
- Most equations exhibited low systematic (bias ≤2%) and random error (SD 1.5-3.0%).
- Body mass index (BMI) significantly affected the accuracy of several WBSA equations.
Conclusions:
- The Shuter and Aslani equation (Eur J Appl Physiol 82 (2000) 250-254) was the most accurate for Western populations aged 18-30.
- Careful selection of WBSA estimation equations is recommended, considering individual BMI.
- 3D scanning provides a criterion measure for validating WBSA estimation methods.
