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X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
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An in-vacuum x-ray diffraction microscope for use in the 0.7-2.9 keV range.

D J Vine1, G J Williams, J N Clark

  • 1Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science, Australia. dvine@aps.anl.gov

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|April 3, 2012
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new in-vacuum coherent x-ray diffraction microscope was developed for advanced imaging. This stable instrument enables high-resolution nanoscale imaging using various diffractive techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Coherent x-ray diffraction imaging (CXDI) is a powerful technique for nanoscale structural analysis.
  • Achieving high resolution requires stable instrumentation and precise control of optics relative to the sample.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel in-vacuum coherent x-ray diffraction microscope.
  • To demonstrate its capabilities for various imaging modes and assess its stability.

Main Methods:

  • Installation of a dedicated in-vacuum microscope at the 2-ID-B beamline (Advanced Photon Source) for 0.7-2.9 keV x-rays.
  • Implementation of plane wave illumination, Fresnel diffractive imaging, and ptychography.
  • Utilizing active feedback systems and capacitance micrometry for stability measurements.

Main Results:

  • The microscope supports multiple CXDI implementations with flexible probe configurations.
  • Active feedback systems achieved sub-5 nm stability for optics-to-sample displacement.
  • In-vacuum operation facilitates long exposures, high signal-to-noise, and large dynamic range measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The developed in-vacuum CXDI microscope offers exceptional stability and versatility for nanoscale imaging.
  • It enables advanced structural characterization with high fidelity and resolution.
  • The instrument's performance is validated by experimental results, showcasing its potential for scientific discovery.