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Larynx

Larynx

The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract.

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract

The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...

The Hyoid Bone

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...

Pharynx

Pharynx

The pharynx, a tubular structure framed by skeletal muscle and lined with mucous membrane, extends continuously from the nasal cavities. It is segmented into three major areas: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx, bordered by the conchae of the nasal cavity, serves exclusively as an air conduit. In its superior region, the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids are located. These tonsils are clusters of lymphoid reticular tissue akin to a lymph node. The precise...

Trachea

Trachea

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory

Published on: March 18, 2020

Laryngeal development and anatomy.

Kedar A Kakodkar¹, James W Schroeder, Lauren D Holinger

¹Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

|April 5, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric airway endoscopists need to understand laryngeal and tracheobronchial anatomy for effective procedures. This chapter details normal and abnormal airway anatomy crucial for pediatric endoscopy.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Otolaryngology
Pediatric Airway Endoscopy

Background:

Understanding pediatric airway anatomy is critical for endoscopists.
Knowledge of laryngeal and tracheobronchial structures is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss normal and pathologic anatomy of the pediatric airway.
To provide essential anatomical knowledge for pediatric airway endoscopy.

Main Methods:

Review of anatomical literature.
Discussion of developmental aspects of the airway.

Main Results:

Detailed description of laryngeal anatomy.
Detailed description of tracheobronchial anatomy.
Identification of common pathologic airway variations.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive anatomical knowledge is vital for pediatric airway endoscopy.
Understanding both normal and abnormal anatomy improves diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes.