Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Operant Conditioning01:21

Operant Conditioning

Operant conditioning, a key concept in behavioral psychology, involves using reinforcement and punishment to alter the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. B.F. introduced this type of conditioning. Skinner focused on voluntary behaviors and the consequences that follow them, influencing whether these behaviors will be strengthened or diminished.
Reinforcement in operant conditioning can be positive or negative, both of which serve to increase the likelihood of a behavior. Positive...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction01:24

Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction

Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care evaluation by...
Law of Effect01:06

Law of Effect

B.F. Skinner, a prominent figure in behavioral psychology, introduced operant conditioning by emphasizing the role of consequences in shaping behavior. This theory builds upon the law of effect proposed by Edward Thorndike, which posits that behaviors followed by satisfying outcomes are likely to be repeated. In contrast, those followed by unsatisfying outcomes are less likely to recur.
Edward Thorndike's foundational work involved studying learning in animals, particularly using puzzle boxes...
Reinforcement01:23

Reinforcement

Positive and negative reinforcement are key concepts in operant conditioning, a learning process where the consequences of a behavior affect the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.
Positive reinforcement occurs when a behavior is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus, increasing the frequency of that behavior. For example:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Complexity of Procedural Fidelity in Precision Teaching: A Qualitative Analysis.

Behavior analysis in practice·2026
Same author

Introducing LADER: A Structured Approach to Effective Professional Interactions for Behavior Analysts.

Behavior analysis in practice·2024
Same author

Effect of Repeated Reading on Reading Fluency for Adults with Specific Learning Disabilities.

Behavior analysis in practice·2024
Same author

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Investigation of Selenium Supplementation in Women at Elevated Risk for Breast Cancer: Lessons for Re-Emergent Interest in Selenium and Cancer.

Biomedicines·2023
Same author

Increasing Confident Thoughts in an Adolescent With Autism: A Pilot Study.

Behavior analysis in practice·2023
Same author

Slope Identification and Decision Making: A Comparison of Linear and Ratio Graphs.

Behavior modification·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

General outcome measures for verbal operants.

Richard M Kubina1, Pamela Wolfe, Douglas E Kostewicz

  • 1Pennsylvania State University.

The Analysis of Verbal Behavior
|April 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces general outcome measures (GOMs) to track progress in verbal behavior development, specifically for mands and tacts. These measures aim to be sensitive, cost-effective, and easy to use for decision-making in applied behavior analysis.

More Related Videos

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats
08:30

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats

Published on: February 15, 2015

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning
05:33

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Published on: January 29, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats
08:30

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats

Published on: February 15, 2015

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning
05:33

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Published on: January 29, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Applied Behavior Analysis
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • General outcome measures (GOMs) are crucial for assessing progress toward long-term goals.
  • Skinner's (1957) analysis of verbal behavior can be enhanced by developing specific GOMs.
  • Existing GOMs need to be sensitive to change, cost-effective, and easy to implement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop general outcome measures (GOMs) applicable to Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior.
  • To review literature on mands, tacts, echoics, and intraverbals for GOM development.
  • To bridge the conceptual gap between GOMs and the analysis of verbal behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a comprehensive literature review focusing on Skinner's verbal behavior concepts.
  • Examined four key areas: response form, prompting, materials, and timing.
  • Synthesized findings to propose GOMs for specific verbal operants.

Main Results:

  • Developed novel general outcome measures (GOMs) tailored for mands and tacts.
  • Identified critical variables in verbal behavior assessment, including response modality and prompting strategies.
  • Established a framework for applying GOMs within the context of Skinner's verbal behavior framework.

Conclusions:

  • The developed GOMs offer a structured approach to measuring progress in verbal behavior.
  • These measures facilitate data-driven decision-making in applied behavior analysis settings.
  • Further research can extend GOM development to other verbal operants like echoics and intraverbals.