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Markers of potential malignancy in chronic hyperplastic candidiasis
Mark R Darling1, Christina McCord, Linda Jackson-Boeters
1Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. mark.darling@schulich.uwo.ca
Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry
|April 11, 2012
Summary
Increased p53 protein in oral chronic hyperplastic candidiasis may indicate a higher risk of malignant transformation compared to normal tissues. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Cancer biology
- Immunohistochemistry
Background:
- Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis (CHC) is a persistent oral lesion.
- Malignant transformation of CHC is a clinical concern.
- Understanding molecular markers in CHC is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of malignancy-associated markers in CHC.
- To compare marker expression in CHC lesions versus control tissues.
- To assess the potential for epithelial dysplasia in CHC.
Main Methods:
- Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze p53, p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), murine double minutes-2 (MDM2), metallothionein, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).
- Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated digoxigenin-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assessed apoptosis.
- 42 CHC lesions and 11 controls were analyzed.
Main Results:
- p53 expression was significantly higher in CHC lesions compared to controls (P = 0.0046).
- p21 CDKN1A and PCNA expression were increased in CHC epithelial cells (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0007, respectively).
- Apoptosis was also elevated in CHC lesions (P = 0.0033).
Conclusions:
- Elevated p53 in CHC suggests an increased risk of malignant change.
- The findings warrant further functional and clinical follow-up studies.
- p53 may serve as a biomarker for assessing malignant potential in CHC.
