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Paediatric patients with a tracheostomy: a multicentre epidemiological study

Estela Pérez-Ruiz1, Pilar Caro, Javier Pérez-Frías

  • 1Hospital Carlos Haya y Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain. estelaperezr@terra.es

The European Respiratory Journal
|April 13, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric tracheostomy care involves complex cases, primarily due to prolonged ventilation and neurological conditions. These children require extensive, multidisciplinary follow-up, often into adulthood.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Tracheostomy indications in children have evolved, increasing pediatric pulmonologists' role.
  • Understanding the current profile of tracheostomized children is crucial for care planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current profile of tracheostomized children in Spain.
  • To identify main indications, underlying disorders, and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal, multicenter study over 2 years (2008-2009).
  • Inclusion of 249 pediatric patients (1 day to 18 years) with tracheostomies across 18 Spanish hospitals.

Main Results:

  • Most patients (60.2%) were under 1 year old.
  • Primary indications: prolonged ventilation (62.6%), subglottic stenosis (13.6%), craniofacial anomalies (10%), airway anomalies (9.6%).
  • Neurological (50.6%) and respiratory (39.3%) diseases were most common underlying conditions. 36.9% required ventilation, 23.7% were decannulated. Complications occurred in 46.9%; mortality was 12.5% (underlying condition) and 3.2% (tracheostomy-related).

Conclusions:

  • Tracheostomized children present significant respiratory complexity.
  • Prolonged, multidisciplinary follow-up is essential, often extending into adulthood.

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