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Impact of pneumococcal vaccination in Denmark during the first 3 years after PCV introduction in the childhood

Helene Ingels1, Jeppe Rasmussen, Peter Henrik Andersen

  • 1Neisseria and Streptococcus Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiological Surveillance and Research, Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Copenhagen, Denmark. HIG@ssi.dk, helene ingels@yahoo.dk

Vaccine
|April 17, 2012
PubMed

Insights

The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) significantly reduced invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children and the overall population. However, PCV7 also led to a rise in IPD caused by non-vaccine serotypes.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was implemented in Denmark in October 2007 using a 2+1 vaccination schedule.
  • A catch-up program was established for children up to 17 months of age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of PCV7 on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence in the entire population.
  • To analyze changes in pneumococcal serotype distribution following PCV7 introduction.
  • To assess the effect of PCV7 on IPD-related mortality.

Main Methods:

  • National surveillance data was utilized to compare disease incidence.
  • Data from the pre-PCV period (2000-2007) was compared with the PCV period (2008-2010).

Main Results:

  • In children aged 0-5 years, overall IPD incidence decreased from 26.7 to 16.3 cases per 100,000, with case fatality dropping from 1.8% to 0%.
  • In the total population, overall IPD incidence decreased from 19.5 to 17.7 cases per 100,000.
  • IPD caused by vaccine serotypes significantly declined, while IPD due to non-vaccine serotypes (NVTs) increased from 11.8 to 13.9 cases per 100,000, primarily due to serotypes 1, 7F, and 19A.

Conclusions:

  • PCV7 vaccination resulted in a substantial reduction in IPD incidence across all age groups, including unvaccinated individuals.
  • A minor but statistically significant increase in IPD caused by NVTs was observed in both vaccinated and unvaccinated populations.
  • The predominant NVT serotypes are targeted by higher-valence pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, suggesting potential for broader protection with newer vaccines.
Abstract

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