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Intestinal calcium transport: the cellular pathway.

F Bronner1

  • 1Department of BioStructure and Function, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.

Mineral and Electrolyte Metabolism
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Intestinal calcium absorption is primarily limited by intracellular calcium flow, not entry or extrusion. Vitamin D regulates this active transport via calcium-binding protein (CaBP), but its overall impact on total absorption is limited.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Intestinal calcium absorption is crucial for maintaining calcium homeostasis.
  • Active calcium transport occurs transcellularly within enterocytes.
  • Vitamin D plays a significant role in modulating calcium absorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the rate-limiting step in active intestinal calcium transport.
  • To investigate the role of vitamin D and calcium-binding protein (CaBP) in this process.
  • To understand the regulation of transcellular calcium absorption.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on analyzing the kinetics of calcium entry, intracellular flow, and extrusion.
  • It examines the influence of vitamin D deficiency and CaBP levels on these transport steps.
  • The research differentiates between active transcellular and passive paracellular calcium absorption routes.

Main Results:

  • Calcium entry via channels and extrusion by Ca-ATPase are not rate-limiting.
  • Intracellular calcium flow from brush border to basolateral side is the rate-limiting step.
  • Vitamin D-dependent CaBP levels correlate linearly with transport rate and are essential for active transport.

Conclusions:

  • Active intestinal calcium transport is regulated by intracellular calcium flow, modulated by vitamin D-dependent CaBP.
  • While vitamin D significantly impacts active transport, its effect on total calcium absorption is limited due to the parallel passive paracellular pathway.

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