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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Packaging HIV- or FIV-based Lentivector Expression Constructs & Transduction of VSV-G Pseudotyped Viral Particles

Packaging HIV- or FIV-based Lentivector Expression Constructs & Transduction of VSV-G Pseudotyped Viral Particles

Published on: April 8, 2012

Lentiviral vectors: basic to translational.

Toshie Sakuma¹, Michael A Barry, Yasuhiro Ikeda

¹Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

The Biochemical Journal

|April 18, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Lentiviral vectors, evolved from modified HIV, offer safe and efficient gene delivery. These vectors stably integrate genes into host cells, enabling diverse applications in research and therapy.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Gene Therapy

Background:

Genetically modified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was initially used for gene delivery.
Over two decades, HIV-based vectors have evolved into safer and more effective lentiviral vectors.
Lentiviral vectors are advanced gene-delivery vehicles with numerous advantages.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advances in lentiviral vector technology.
To discuss vector designs for improved efficiency and biosafety.
To explore lentiviral applications and associated challenges.

Main Methods:

Review of basic lentivirology.
Analysis of vector designs for enhanced efficiency and biosafety.
Examination of production and infection protocols.

Main Results:

Lentiviral vectors offer sustained gene delivery via stable integration.
They infect both dividing and non-dividing cells with broad tissue tropisms.
Vectors can deliver complex genetic elements and have a potentially safer integration profile.

Conclusions:

Lentiviral vector technology is widely used in basic biology and translational studies.
Commercial availability of genome-wide lentiviral vectors accelerates research.
Continued advancements enhance lentiviral vector applications in gene therapy and beyond.