Activity patterns, body composition and muscle function during Ramadan in a Middle-East Muslim country

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Human Physiology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Ramadan fasting involves significant dietary and temporal changes.
• Understanding its impact on physical parameters is crucial for athletes and active individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of Ramadan on activity patterns, body composition, and muscle function.
• To determine if Ramadan fasting influences physical performance and body metrics.

Main Methods:

• Activity patterns assessed using tri-axial accelerometers over 72 hours.
• Body composition evaluated via bio-electrical impedance.
• Muscle function measured through maximal isometric contractions with EMG recordings.

Main Results:

• Activity patterns shifted, with increased activity between 02:00-05:00 during Ramadan.
• Total daily energy expenditure, body mass, and composition remained unchanged.
• Maximal force, electrical activity, and neuromuscular efficiency were maintained.

Conclusions:

• Ramadan fasting primarily modifies the timing of daily physical activity.
• It does not negatively impact body composition or muscle function in moderately active individuals.
• Adaptations in activity distribution may compensate for altered eating schedules.