Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Enhanced Rabies Surveillance Using a Direct Rapid Immunohistochemical Test
08:58

Enhanced Rabies Surveillance Using a Direct Rapid Immunohistochemical Test

Published on: April 30, 2019

Measles - United States, 2011

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |April 20, 2012
    PubMed

    Insights

    Despite measles elimination in the U.S., imported cases in 2011 led to a significant rise in measles outbreaks. Vaccination remains crucial for preventing measles transmission among unvaccinated individuals.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • The United States achieved measles elimination in 2000, signifying the interruption of endemic transmission.
    • However, ongoing importations of measles pose a persistent risk for outbreaks and sustained transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To update the understanding of measles cases and outbreaks in the U.S. during 2011.
    • To analyze the sources and characteristics of measles importations and associated outbreaks.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of measles surveillance data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for 2011.
    • Categorization of cases based on association with outbreaks, importations, and virologic evidence.

    Main Results:

    • In 2011, 222 measles cases and 17 outbreaks were reported, a notable increase from the 2001-2010 median.
    • Ninety percent of cases were linked to importations, including U.S. residents returning from abroad and foreign visitors.
    • The majority of patients (86%) were unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status.

    Conclusions:

    • Increased measles importations and outbreaks in 2011 highlight the continued risk of measles in the U.S.
    • The findings underscore the critical importance of maintaining high measles vaccination coverage to prevent disease resurgence.

    More Related Videos

    Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo12:42

    Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

    Published on: January 7, 2019

    Measuring Influenza Neutralizing Antibody Responses to A(H3N2) Viruses in Human Sera by Microneutralization Assays Using MDCK-SIAT1 Cells12:09

    Measuring Influenza Neutralizing Antibody Responses to A(H3N2) Viruses in Human Sera by Microneutralization Assays Using MDCK-SIAT1 Cells

    Published on: November 22, 2017

    Related Concept Videos

    Vaccinations01:51

    Vaccinations

    Overview
    Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

    Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

    Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
    Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

    Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

    Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
    Diphtheria01:28

    Diphtheria

    Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
    Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

    Steps in Outbreak Investigation

    In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
    Influenza01:27

    Influenza

    Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...