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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm, divided into an anterior urogenital triangle that contains the external genitals and a posterior anal triangle housing the anus. The urogenital...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage
07:51

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage

Published on: November 4, 2010

Plugs for containing faecal incontinence.

Marije Deutekom1, Annette C Dobben

  • 1Department of SocialMedicine k2-207, AcademicMedical Center, Amsterdam,Netherlands. marije@baartdelafaille.nl.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Anal plugs may help manage faecal incontinence for some individuals. While tolerance can be an issue, polyurethane plugs show better performance and satisfaction than polyvinyl-alcohol plugs.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Urology
  • Pelvic Floor Health

Background:

  • Faecal incontinence (FI) is a socially stigmatizing condition.
  • Conservative and surgical treatments are not always effective for FI.
  • Containment products, such as anal plugs, offer an alternative management strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of various anal plug types for managing faecal incontinence.
  • To compare the performance and user satisfaction of different anal plugs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials.
  • Searched Cochrane Incontinence Group Specialised Register and contacted manufacturers.
  • Included studies involving children and adults with FI using any type of anal plug.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage
07:51

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage

Published on: November 4, 2010

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy
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Main Results:

  • Four studies with 136 participants were included; significant dropout (35%) occurred.
  • Some participants achieved 'pseudo-continence' with short-term plug use.
  • Polyurethane plugs demonstrated lower plug loss rates and higher user satisfaction compared to polyvinyl-alcohol plugs.

Conclusions:

  • Limited data necessitate tentative conclusions regarding anal plug efficacy.
  • Anal plugs can be difficult to tolerate but may be effective for selected individuals.
  • Plug selection is crucial, as type impacts performance and user satisfaction.