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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...

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High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis
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A developed optical-feedback cavity ring-down spectrometer and its application.

Zhongqi Tan1, Xingwu Long

  • 1College of Opto-electric Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China. zhqitan@sina.com

Applied Spectroscopy
|April 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new spectrometer using optical-feedback cavity ring-down spectroscopy (OF-CRDS) achieves high resolution for gas analysis. This advanced instrument demonstrates precise water vapor absorption spectrum measurement.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
  • Laser Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) is a sensitive technique for measuring light absorption.
  • Achieving high spectral resolution and sensitivity in CRDS systems is crucial for detailed molecular analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel spectrometer based on optical-feedback cavity ring-down spectroscopy (OF-CRDS).
  • To achieve high spectral resolution and sensitivity for absorption spectrum measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a distributed feedback laser diode coupled to a V-shaped glass ceramic cavity.
  • Employed cavity length modulation for laser-cavity resonance, creating an effective absorption path length > 2.8 km.
  • Achieved spectral resolution of ~0.003 cm⁻¹ over a 1.2 cm⁻¹ spectral range.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a noise-equivalent absorption coefficient of ~2.6 × 10⁻⁸ cm⁻¹Hz⁻¹/² (1σ).
  • Successfully measured the absorption spectrum of water vapor in the 6590.3–6591.5 cm⁻¹ range.
  • The OF-CRDS system achieved high sensitivity and spectral resolution.

Conclusions:

  • The developed OF-CRDS spectrometer offers a robust platform for high-resolution absorption spectroscopy.
  • This technology enables precise measurement of trace gases, with demonstrated application in water vapor analysis.
  • The system's design overcomes limitations of traditional wavelength-tuning methods for enhanced resolution.