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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

Predicting foreign-accent adaptation in older adults.

Esther Janse1, Patti Adank

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Esther.Janse@mpi.nl

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|April 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Older adults adapt to unfamiliar accents faster with audiovisual cues. Hearing, memory, attention, and vocabulary influence this accent adaptation process.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Auditory Perception
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Understanding and adapting to unfamiliar speech accents is crucial for effective communication in aging populations.
  • Older adults may face unique challenges in processing novel auditory information, impacting their ability to adapt to accented speech.
  • Cognitive and linguistic factors are hypothesized to play a role in the ease and speed of accent adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether audiovisual presentation enhances adaptation to unfamiliar accents in older adults compared to auditory-only presentation.
  • To identify specific cognitive and linguistic measures that predict an individual's ability to adapt to novel speech accents.
  • To explore the relationship between sensory, cognitive, and linguistic abilities and the process of perceptual learning in unfamiliar accent comprehension.

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Main Methods:

  • Participants (older adults) completed a speeded sentence verification task using sentences in an unfamiliar accent.
  • Two groups were formed: one receiving auditory-only presentation, the other audiovisual presentation.
  • A battery of background tests assessed hearing acuity, auditory verbal short-term memory, working memory, attention (switching and selective), and vocabulary knowledge.

Main Results:

  • Both auditory-only and audiovisual groups demonstrated significant accent adaptation, evidenced by improved accuracy and reduced response times.
  • The audiovisual group exhibited a faster initial rate of adaptation compared to the auditory-only group, though overall improvement was similar.
  • Hearing sensitivity, short-term memory, and working memory were linked to efficient processing of the novel accent.
  • Selective attention and vocabulary size were significant predictors of the amount of adaptation observed over time.

Conclusions:

  • Audiovisual presentation can accelerate the initial stages of adaptation to unfamiliar accents in older adults.
  • Vocabulary knowledge and attentional abilities are key factors facilitating the perceptual learning required for adapting to new speech patterns.
  • These findings highlight the interplay between sensory input, cognitive reserve, and linguistic experience in successful communication for older adults facing accent variations.