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Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Liver Physiology01:30

Liver Physiology

The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can also...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug binding...
Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan01:25

Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan

Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) and FibroScan are valuable diagnostic tools in gastroenterology and hepatology, each with specific applications and techniques.
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS):
Liver Histology01:27

Liver Histology

The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...
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Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
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The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Method of Direct Segmental Intra-hepatic Delivery Using a Rat Liver Hilar Clamp Model
09:22

Method of Direct Segmental Intra-hepatic Delivery Using a Rat Liver Hilar Clamp Model

Published on: April 2, 2017

How to assess liver function?

Andreas Kortgen1, Peter Recknagel, Michael Bauer

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Therapy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.

Current Opinion in Critical Care
|April 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamic liver function tests offer insights beyond static markers in critically ill patients. Bilirubin and indocyanine green clearance effectively predict outcomes, even with chronic liver disease, though canalicular transport needs further study.

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Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
11:06

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Method of Direct Segmental Intra-hepatic Delivery Using a Rat Liver Hilar Clamp Model
09:22

Method of Direct Segmental Intra-hepatic Delivery Using a Rat Liver Hilar Clamp Model

Published on: April 2, 2017

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro
11:06

Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro

Published on: January 31, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • The liver performs diverse metabolic, hemodynamic, and immune functions via parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells.
  • Current liver monitoring relies on static lab parameters, quantitative function tests, and scores like the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare conventional static liver function markers with dynamic tests in critically ill patients.
  • To evaluate the utility of different monitoring approaches for assessing liver function and predicting outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature comparing static and dynamic liver function tests.
  • Analysis of prognostic capabilities of bilirubin, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, and indocyanine green (ICG) plasma disappearance rate.

Main Results:

  • Bilirubin and MELD score are superior for assessing cirrhosis and decompensation.
  • Dynamic tests, like ICG clearance, provide crucial information in the absence of pre-existing liver disease.
  • Bilirubin and ICG clearance predict unfavorable outcomes in both acute and chronic liver conditions, outperforming other indicators.

Conclusions:

  • Static and dynamic tests have advanced in monitoring parenchymal liver function.
  • Biomarkers for assessing nonparenchymal liver functions remain largely underdeveloped.