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In-plane effects on segmented-mirror control.

Douglas G MacMynowski1, Lewis C Roberts, J Chris Shelton

  • 1Control and Dynamical Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. macmardg@cds.caltech.edu

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|April 27, 2012
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extremely large optical telescopes use segmented mirrors. This study analyzes how in-plane motions, like segment rotation, affect mirror control and can be estimated using gap measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Optical astronomy
  • Telescope engineering
  • Adaptive optics

Background:

  • Extremely large optical telescopes utilize primary mirrors made of numerous segments.
  • Active control systems manage out-of-plane segment motions (piston, tip, tilt) using height measurements.
  • In-plane motions (translation, rotation) are not actively controlled but impact the active control system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of uncontrolled in-plane segment motions on active mirror control.
  • To develop a comprehensive model relating segment motion to sensor measurements.
  • To investigate methods for estimating in-plane motion and its effect on control.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a "full" interaction matrix linking sensor data (height, gap, shear) to all six degrees of segment freedom.
  • Analysis of in-plane segment clocking effects on height discontinuities and global control.
  • Development of in-plane motion estimation techniques using gap measurements and assessment of noise propagation.
  • Investigation of using in-plane measurements (gap/shear) to estimate out-of-plane motion.

Main Results:

  • In-plane segment clocking introduces height discontinuities, potentially triggering global control responses.
  • In-plane motion estimation is crucial for compensating clocking effects and sensor errors, with gap measurements proving effective.
  • A single unobservable mode exists in in-plane motion estimation where all segments clock identically.
  • In-plane measurements can enhance the noise multiplier for the focus mode, improving estimation of dihedral angle changes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding and estimating in-plane motions are critical for the precise control of segmented mirrors in extremely large optical telescopes.
  • In-plane measurements offer valuable data for improving the performance and robustness of active optical control systems.
  • The developed interaction matrix and estimation methods provide a framework for addressing complex control challenges in future telescope designs.