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Autophagy

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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ER Retrieval Pathway

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research

Published on: September 9, 2017

Receptor proteins in selective autophagy.

Christian Behrends¹, Simone Fulda

¹Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University School of Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

International Journal of Cell Biology

|April 27, 2012

Summary

Selective autophagy uses specific receptors to target cellular components for degradation. This review explores the mechanisms and structures behind how these receptors achieve selectivity in this essential cellular process.

Area of Science:

Cellular Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Autophagy was traditionally viewed as a non-selective degradation pathway.
Emerging evidence highlights selective autophagosomal turnover of diverse substrates.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the mechanistic and structural basis of receptor-mediated selective autophagy.
To elucidate how selectivity is achieved in the autophagic process.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on selective autophagy.
Analysis of mechanistic and structural data of autophagy receptors.

Main Results:

Bifunctional autophagy receptors are crucial for linking cargo to autophagosomes.
Understanding the molecular components involved in selective autophagy is advancing.

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Evaluation of LC3-II Release via Extracellular Vesicles in Relation to the Accumulation of Intracellular LC3-positive Vesicles

Evaluation of LC3-II Release via Extracellular Vesicles in Relation to the Accumulation of Intracellular LC3-positive Vesicles

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Study of Protein-protein Interactions in Autophagy Research

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The Lactate Dehydrogenase Sequestration Assay — A Simple and Reliable Method to Determine Bulk Autophagic Sequestration Activity in Mammalian Cells

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Evaluation of LC3-II Release via Extracellular Vesicles in Relation to the Accumulation of Intracellular LC3-positive Vesicles

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Published on: October 18, 2024

Conclusions:

Selective autophagy is a finely tuned process mediated by specific receptors.
Further research into the structural and mechanistic aspects of autophagy receptors is ongoing.