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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Epigenetics and autoimmune diseases.

Paula Quintero-Ronderos1, Gladis Montoya-Ortiz

  • 1Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 no. 63C-69 Bogotá, Colombia.

Autoimmune Diseases
|April 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetics, the study of inheritable genome changes without altering DNA sequence, offers insights into autoimmune disease origins. Research into epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation and microRNAs aims to find diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Epigenetics involves inheritable, reversible changes in genome function, excluding DNA sequence alterations.
  • Key epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modification, nucleosome positioning, and microRNAs (miRNAs).
  • These mechanisms are crucial for regulating gene expression and understanding complex diseases, particularly autoimmune disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
  • To identify common immunogenetic mechanisms underlying diverse autoimmune conditions.
  • To investigate epigenetic deregulation as a potential source of new insights for diagnosis and therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current epigenetic research focusing on autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNAs.
  • Identification of cell-specific epigenetic targets.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in the shared immunogenetic origins of autoimmune diseases.
  • Disruptions in epigenetic regulation are being investigated as key factors in disease pathogenesis.
  • Epigenetic deregulation offers potential as clinical markers for diagnosis, progression, and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic research provides a valuable lens for understanding the common origins of autoimmune diseases.
  • Identifying specific epigenetic alterations can lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting epigenetic mechanisms holds promise for advancing autoimmune disease management.