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Familial risk of sleep-disordered breathing

Karin Lundkvist1, Kristina Sundquist, Xinjun Li

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. karin.lundkvist@karolinska.se

Sleep Medicine
|April 28, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Children with a parent affected by obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) have a significantly higher risk of developing OSAS or related conditions. This familial link highlights the importance of recognizing genetic predispositions in sleep-disordered breathing.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Genetics and Heredity
  • Public Health Research

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children can stem from adenotonsillar hypertrophy.
  • Familial aggregation of OSAS suggests a potential genetic component.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of hospitalization for pediatric OSAS/SDB in children with a parental history of OSAS.
  • To investigate the association between parental OSAS and childhood adenotonsillar/tonsillar hypertrophy without infection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Swedish national hospital data (MigMed database) from 1997-2007, covering 3 million children (0-18 years).
  • Identified first hospital admissions for OSAS, adenotonsillar, or tonsillar hypertrophy.
  • Calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) comparing children with and without a parent affected by OSAS, adjusting for socio-economic status, age, and region.

Main Results:

  • Children with a parent affected by OSAS showed significantly higher SIRs for OSAS: 3.09 in boys and 4.46 in girls.
  • SIRs for adenotonsillar or tonsillar hypertrophy were also elevated: 1.82 in boys and 1.56 in girls with a parental OSAS history.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms familial clustering of sleep-disordered breathing.
  • Findings underscore the clinical significance of a family history of OSAS in pediatric patients.
Abstract

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