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Updated: May 22, 2026

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
Published on: January 24, 2018
The RAM classification: a novel, systematic approach to the adult-acquired flatfoot
Steven M Raikin1, Brian S Winters, Joseph N Daniel
1Rothman Institute of Orthopaedics at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 925 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. steven.raikin@rothmaninstitute.com
Abstract:
In summary, prior classifications have provided broad guidelines for treating the AAFF without accounting for case-specific variables in determining a treatment plan. The current system breaks down the deformity into three independent levels of involvement: the rearfoot, the ankle, and the midfoot. Via a simple, easy to remember, and reproducible schema based off the original Johnson and Strom classification, each level can be independently evaluated and a patient-specific surgical treatment plan can be formulated based on our most current understanding of the AAFF.
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