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Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

A novel function for BRCA1 in crosslink repair.

David T Long1, Johannes C Walter

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Molecular Cell
|May 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

BRCA1 is crucial for repairing DNA interstrand crosslinks, a function separate from its known role in homologous recombination DNA repair. This finding clarifies BRCA1

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Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

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Functional Assessment of BRCA1 variants using CRISPR-Mediated Base Editors
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Functional Assessment of BRCA1 variants using CRISPR-Mediated Base Editors

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

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Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
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Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

Published on: February 17, 2011

Functional Assessment of BRCA1 variants using CRISPR-Mediated Base Editors
09:22

Functional Assessment of BRCA1 variants using CRISPR-Mediated Base Editors

Published on: February 28, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • DNA Repair Mechanisms
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The protein BRCA1 is a well-established tumor suppressor.
  • BRCA1 is known to play a role in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair.
  • The precise functions of BRCA1 in DNA repair pathways are still being elucidated.

Discussion:

  • Bunting et al. present evidence for a distinct role of BRCA1 in DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) repair.
  • This ICL repair function appears independent of BRCA1's established role in promoting DNA end resection during HR.
  • The study highlights the multifaceted nature of BRCA1's involvement in maintaining genomic stability.

Key Insights:

  • BRCA1 actively participates in the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks.
  • This specific repair function is mechanistically distinct from BRCA1's role in homologous recombination.
  • The findings necessitate a re-evaluation of BRCA1's comprehensive functions in DNA damage response.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to fully characterize the molecular mechanisms of BRCA1 in ICL repair.
  • Understanding this distinct role could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for cancers associated with BRCA1 dysfunction.
  • Investigating potential interactions between ICL repair and HR pathways involving BRCA1 is warranted.