[Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS): the state of the art]

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is a technique which allows the endoscopist to sample mediastinal and/or hilar lymph nodes for complete staging of thoracic malignancy without recourse to surgery. Originally developed at the beginning of the 21st century, EBUS has become a well developed practice within France in recent years. As the technique requires high tech, expensive and fragile equipment, it has been important to develop an approach that is appropriate for the specific features and constraints of the French health system, including access to anaesthesia, imaging modalities and costing. The first centers to adopt EBUS had to adapt quickly and develop their own practices for its use. Training seminars were carried out in order to pass on this experience. After the passage of several years, it seems helpful to give a progress report on this technique through the stages of its development, taking account of the specificities of the French system and thus to transmit this accumulated experience. In this article, the authors review the literature concerning all the essential aspects needed to apply this technique under the best conditions in the French health system.