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All-cause gastroenteritis and rotavirus-coded hospitalizations among US children, 2000-2009

Rishi Desai1, Aaron T Curns, Claudia A Steiner

  • 1Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. rdesai1@cdc.gov

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|May 1, 2012
PubMed

Insights

The rotavirus vaccine significantly reduced hospitalizations for diarrhea and rotavirus in US children under 5. This vaccination program also led to substantial cost savings in hospital treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Public health surveillance

Background:

  • Rotavirus vaccine introduction in the US in 2006.
  • Need to estimate pre-vaccine burden and post-vaccine trends.
  • Focus on gastroenteritis and rotavirus hospitalizations in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Estimate the prevaccine burden of rotavirus disease.
  • Monitor post-vaccine trends in hospitalizations.
  • Assess the impact of the rotavirus vaccination program on hospitalization rates and costs.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of State Inpatient Databases (SID) from 29-44 US states (2000-2009).
  • Calculation of hospitalization rates for gastroenteritis and rotavirus by age, sex, and region.
  • Extrapolation of rates to estimate national reductions in hospitalizations and costs.

Main Results:

  • Significant decline in gastroenteritis-coded hospitalizations (74 to 50 per 10,000) and rotavirus-coded hospitalizations (15 to 6 per 10,000) among children <5 years.
  • Decreases observed across all age groups and US regions post-vaccination.
  • Estimated reduction of ~77,000 diarrhea hospitalizations and ~$242 million in costs in 2008-2009.

Conclusions:

  • The US rotavirus vaccination program has led to a significant reduction in diarrhea hospitalizations.
  • Marked decrease in related hospital charges among US children.
  • Demonstrates the public health and economic benefits of rotavirus vaccination.
Abstract

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