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Current management of paediatric urolithiasis
Ehud Gnessin1, Leonid Chertin, Boris Chertin
1Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Science, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Pediatric Surgery International
|May 1, 2012
Summary
Pediatric nephrolithiasis (kidney stones in children) management primarily involves extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and endoscopic techniques. Metabolic evaluation is crucial due to high recurrence rates in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Urology
- Nephrology
- Medical Management of Kidney Stones
Background:
- Pediatric nephrolithiasis is a significant clinical issue in pediatric urology.
- High incidence of predisposing factors and stone recurrence necessitates effective management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current management of pediatric nephrolithiasis.
- To synthesize findings from English-language literature (1990-2011) and author experience.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive MEDLINE/PubMed literature search using keywords: urolithiasis, nephrolithiasis, paediatrics, surgical treatment, conservative management, ESWL, ureteroscopy, and open renal surgery.
- Inclusion of English-language studies published between 1990 and 2011.
- Independent review of all selected manuscripts by co-authors.
Main Results:
- Most pediatric kidney stones can be effectively managed with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and endoscopic techniques.
- Complete metabolic evaluation is recommended for every child with urinary stones to identify underlying causes and prevent recurrence.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric stone disease requires thorough metabolic evaluation due to its recurrent nature.
- Achieving a stone-free status through interventional management and diligent follow-up is paramount for successful treatment outcomes.
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