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What cannot be measured cannot be done; risk factors for childhood tuberculosis: a case control study
M R Karim1, M A Rahman, S A A Mamun
1Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Mohakhali, Dhaka.
Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin
|May 2, 2012
Summary
Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is a significant health issue. Key risk factors include older age, poor indoor environments, and close contact with TB cases, highlighting the need for improved control programs.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in children.
- It is often neglected within national TB control programs.
- Identifying specific risk factors is crucial for effective intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors associated with childhood tuberculosis.
- To inform national TB control strategies for pediatric populations.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted with 95 childhood TB cases and 94 sputum-negative controls.
- Participants were recruited from DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short Course) centers in Dhaka and Gazipur districts.
- Data on socio-demographic, environmental, and contact patterns were collected through home visits.
Main Results:
- Older children (over 14 years) had a significantly higher risk of developing TB (OR=6.25).
- Primary education (OR=0.32) and better indoor environments (OR=0.23) were associated with a lower risk.
- Contact with relatives or neighbors who had TB (OR=0.19) posed a lower risk compared to contact with family members.
Conclusions:
- Age, education, indoor environment, and contact patterns are significant predictors of childhood TB.
- Contact screening should be integrated into national TB programs for early detection.
- Improving indoor environments and ventilation may reduce TB transmission risk in children.
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