Eating disorders: a framework for school nursing initiatives

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are complex illnesses identified with increased frequency among adolescents, particularly adolescent females. Eating disorders can have serious health consequences and school nurses can play an important role in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. An overview of eating disorders within a theoretical framework for school nursing practice is presented, and a case management role within an educational setting is proposed for school nurses. Etiology, classification, and signs and symptoms are highlighted for application in schools. Recommendations are made for curriculum planning and involvement of other school professionals. Treatment for eating disorders is most successful when initiated early in the illness. Schools provide a natural forum to reach adolescents, and school nurses, with their biopsychosocial emphasis, are uniquely prepared to address these disorders.