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Transmission Electron Microscopy as the Visualization Technique for Analysis of Circadian Synaptic Plasticity in the Mouse Barrel Cortex

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Interactions between behaviorally relevant rhythms and synaptic plasticity alter coding in the piriform cortex.

Anne-Marie M Oswald¹, Nathaniel N Urban

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. amoswald@pitt.edu

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|May 4, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Behavioral timescales from breathing and sniffing alter olfactory cortex responses. Sniffing allows linear coding, while breathing causes response saturation, gating information transfer.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Sensory Systems
Olfactory Processing

Background:

Neural and behavioral timescales are crucial for understanding cortical activity and stimulus coding.
Respiratory frequency changes alter temporal patterns of olfactory input in air-breathing animals.
Olfactory bulb mitral/tufted (M/T) cell spike trains reflect these behavioral timescales.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the interaction between respiratory timescales, spike timing, and short-term synaptic plasticity in shaping cortical olfactory responses.
To determine how different respiratory frequencies (breathing vs. sniffing) modulate information transfer to the cortex.

Main Methods:

Quantified short-term synaptic facilitation and depression timescales at M/T cell to cortical neuron synapses in mouse olfactory cortex slices.
Generated simulated M/T population synaptic currents using quantified plasticity timescales.
Injected simulated currents into real cortical neurons, modulating input frequencies to mimic passive respiration and active sniffing.

Main Results:

Short-term synaptic plasticity recruitment differed between breathing and sniffing frequencies.
Cortical neurons linearly encoded presynaptic firing rate increases with phase-locked firing at sniffing frequencies.
Cortical responses saturated with presynaptic rate changes at passive breathing frequencies.

Conclusions:

Differential recruitment of short-term synaptic plasticity gates olfactory information transfer based on respiratory behavior.
Sniffing facilitates linear stimulus coding, while breathing leads to response saturation, impacting how odor information is relayed to the cortex.