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Long-term Depression01:03

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Modulation of the Neurophysiological Response to Fearful and Stressful Stimuli Through Repetitive Religious Chanting
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Mental depression and kundalini yoga.

S K Devi1, J P Chansauria, K N Udupa

  • 1Centre for Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, India.

Ancient Science of Life
|May 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Kundalini Yoga practice helped normalize neurotransmitter levels and reduce physiological stress markers in individuals with mental depression. This ancient practice offers a non-medical approach to managing depression symptoms and promoting homeostasis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Yoga Studies

Background:

  • Mental depression is often associated with biochemical imbalances and physiological dysregulation.
  • Current treatments for depression have limitations and side effects.
  • Exploring non-pharmacological interventions like yoga is crucial for holistic mental health care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of Kundalini Yoga on biochemical markers and physiological parameters in patients with mental depression.
  • To assess Kundalini Yoga's potential as a complementary therapy for depression.

Main Methods:

  • Participants with mental depression engaged in a regular Kundalini Yoga practice for three and six months.
  • Plasma levels of serotonin, melatonin, and glutamate were measured.
  • Urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, plasma monoamine oxidase, and cortisol levels were assessed.
  • Pulse rate and blood pressure were monitored before and after the yoga intervention.

Main Results:

  • Kundalini Yoga practice led to increased plasma serotonin, melatonin, and glutamate levels.
  • A decrease in urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, plasma monoamine oxidase, and cortisol levels was observed.
  • Patients experienced a reduction in pulse rate and blood pressure following Kundalini Yoga.
  • The practice appeared to balance sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activities.

Conclusions:

  • Kundalini Yoga practice demonstrates a positive impact on biochemical markers associated with mental depression.
  • The practice effectively reduces physiological stress indicators like pulse rate and blood pressure.
  • Kundalini Yoga can be considered a valuable non-medical intervention for managing mental depression and promoting homeostasis.