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Related Concept Videos

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...

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Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing
09:00

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

Published on: August 16, 2024

Developmental dyslexia: dysfunction of a left hemisphere reading network.

Fabio Richlan1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Center for Neurocognitive Research, University of Salzburg Salzburg, Austria.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|May 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent neuroimaging studies challenge the traditional view of dyslexia. Findings suggest a widespread left hemisphere reading network dysfunction, not just localized temporo-parietal deficits, in individuals with developmental dyslexia.

Keywords:
braindevelopmental dyslexiafMRImeta-analysisneuroimagingreading

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Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing
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Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
15:00

Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age

Published on: May 1, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Disorders

Background:

  • Developmental dyslexia is a common learning disorder affecting reading acquisition.
  • The traditional neuroanatomical model implicates left temporo-parietal (TP) regions in phonological decoding deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and integrate recent neuroimaging findings on functional brain abnormalities in dyslexia.
  • To evaluate the empirical support for the standard neuroanatomical model of dyslexia.

Main Methods:

  • Meta-analyses of existing studies.
  • Original neuroimaging research on dyslexic readers.

Main Results:

  • Limited empirical evidence supports the localization of dyslexia deficits solely in left temporo-parietal regions.
  • Recent evidence indicates a broader dysfunction within a left hemisphere reading network.

Conclusions:

  • The standard neuroanatomical model of dyslexia requires revision.
  • Dyslexia is associated with a network-level abnormality rather than a single localized deficit.