Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026

Examining Gesture Production in the Presence of Communication Challenges
Published on: January 26, 2024
Is the coupled control of hand and mouth postures precursor of reciprocal relations between gestures and words?
Maurizio Gentilucci1, Giovanna Cristina Campione, Elisa De Stefani
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. maurizio.gentilucci@unipr.it
Abstract:
We tested whether a system coupling hand postures related to gestures to the control of internal mouth articulators during production of vowels exists and it can be precursor of a system relating hand/arm gestures to words. Participants produced unimanual and bimanual representational gestures expressing the meaning of LARGE or SMALL. Once the gesture was produced, in experiment 1 they pronounced the vowels "A" or "I", in experiment 2 the word "GRÀNDE" (large) or "PÌCCOLO" (small), and in experiment 3 the pseudo-words "SCRÀNTA" or "SBÌCCARA". Mouth, hand kinematics and voice spectra were recorded and analyzed. Unimanual gestures affected voice spectra of the two vowels pronounced alone (experiment 1). Bimanual and both unimanual and bimanual gestures affected voice spectra of /a/ and /i/ included in the words (experiment 2) and pseudo-words (experiment 3), respectively. The results support the hypothesis that a system coupling hand gestures to vowel production exists. Moreover, they suggest the existence of a more general system relating gestures to words.
Related Concept Videos
Nonconscious Mimicry
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
Hierarchy of Motor Control
Language Development
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
Therapeutic Communication
Verbal communication depends on language or a prescribed way of using words so that people can share information effectively. The critical aspects of verbal...
Language and Cognition

