A Novel Macro-Level Model in Evaluating Health and Safety Training Based on Virtual Reality

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health and Safety
• Educational Technology
• Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

• Virtual reality (VR) offers immersive training potential for occupational health and safety (OHS).
• Existing OHS training evaluation models may not fully capture the nuances of VR-based learning.
• A comprehensive framework is needed to assess VR training effectiveness across its lifecycle.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel, multi-level evaluation model for VR-based OHS training.
• To identify key criteria for assessing the quality, performance, and impact of VR training.
• To provide a flexible model adaptable to various training courses and industries.

Main Methods:

• Development of a three-macro-level evaluation model (design, delivery, evaluation).
• Integration of established training evaluation models (e.g., Kirkpatrick, Molenda) and ICT metrics.
• Analysis of VR training components including design quality, user experience, performance, and organizational outcomes.

Main Results:

• The proposed model systematically evaluates VR training across design, delivery, and long-term impact.
• Key metrics identified cover VR model quality, user performance, psycho-physical state, and organizational socio-economic effects.
• The model provides generalizable criteria for diverse OHS VR training applications.

Conclusions:

• The novel evaluation model offers a structured approach to assessing VR OHS training effectiveness.
• It bridges the gap between training design and its real-world organizational benefits.
• This framework supports the optimization and validation of VR training in workplace safety.