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Plasmin as a proinflammatory cell activator.

Tatiana Syrovets¹, Oleg Lunov, Thomas Simmet

¹Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

|May 8, 2012

Summary

Plasmin, a serine protease, plays a crucial role in inflammation beyond fibrinolysis. This enzyme activates immune cells and contributes to inflammatory diseases, highlighting its dual physiological and pathological functions.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Plasmin, derived from plasminogen, is primarily known for its role in fibrinolysis.
Beyond fibrinolysis, plasmin exhibits critical functions in various biological processes, notably inflammation.
Cellular binding of plasminogen and plasmin occurs via lysine-binding sites, protecting plasmin from inhibitors.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the physiological and pathophysiological roles of serine protease plasmin in inflammatory processes.
To elucidate the mechanisms by which plasmin influences immune cell function and signaling.
To explore the implications of plasmin's role in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

Literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies.
Analysis of plasmin's interactions with cellular components and signaling pathways.
Examination of plasmin's effects on immune cell functions, including migration and mediator production.

Main Results:

Plasmin facilitates cell migration and triggers signaling cascades upon cellular binding.
Plasmin stimulates the production of cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to inflammation.
Plasmin acts as a chemoattractant for immune cells like monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs).

Conclusions:

Plasmin possesses significant physiological and pathophysiological roles in inflammation.
Dysregulated plasmin activation may exacerbate inflammatory cell activation and disease pathogenesis.
Understanding plasmin's functions is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.