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Related Concept Videos

The Nucleus01:32

The Nucleus

88.1K
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
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Eukaryotic Compartmentalization01:37

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization

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One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal...
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Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

4.4K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
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DNA Packaging00:58

DNA Packaging

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Overview
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami
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Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

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DNA Nanostructures for Rational Regulation of Cellular Organelles.

Petra Elblová1,2, Judita Anthi1,3,4, Minghui Liu3,4

  • 1FZU - Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic.

JACS Au
|May 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA nanostructures (DNs) offer programmable, biocompatible platforms for targeted therapies. These nanostructures precisely modulate cellular behavior by targeting specific organelles for novel nanomedicine applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedicine
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • DNA nanotechnology enables precise nanoscale manipulation.
  • Engineered DNA nanostructures (DNs) are promising for targeted therapeutics due to programmability, biocompatibility, and versatility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of DNA nanostructures in modulating cellular behavior via organelle-targeted interventions.
  • To highlight advances in nuclear, mitochondrial, and lysosomal targeting with DNs for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on DNA nanostructures for organelle targeting.
  • Showcasing applications in gene delivery, cancer therapeutics, and cellular function modulation.

Main Results:

  • DNA nanostructures enable precision mitochondrial disruption in cancer cells.
  • Lysosomal pH modulation using DNs enhances gene silencing.
  • DNs facilitate nuclear delivery of gene-editing templates.

Conclusions:

  • DNA nanostructures hold significant potential for targeted organelle interventions and advancing precision nanomedicines.
  • Further research is needed to optimize biological interactions and address safety concerns for clinical translation.