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Endocarditis I: Introduction

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...

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Updated: May 22, 2026

The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump

The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump

Published on: February 5, 2021

Ventricular assist device infections.

Denis Spelman¹, Donald Esmore

¹Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Alfred Health, and Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia, d.spelman@alfred.org.au.

Current Infectious Disease Reports

|May 8, 2012

Summary

Infections are common in patients with Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs), impacting outcomes. This review covers recent literature on VAD infection definitions, microbiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

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Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: June 12, 2021

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Infectious Diseases
Medical Devices

Background:

Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs) are crucial for cardiac mechanical support.
VADs serve as a bridge to transplantation or destination therapy.
Infections pose a significant risk to patients with VADs.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent literature on infections in VAD-supported patients.
To discuss proposed definitions, microbiology, diagnosis, and treatment of VAD infections.
To summarize current preventive strategies for VAD infections.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on VAD infections.
Analysis of proposed definitions and microbiological data.
Synthesis of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Evaluation of preventive strategies.

Main Results:

Infections are a major complication affecting VAD patient outcomes.
Recent literature includes proposed definitions for VAD infections.
Microbiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies are evolving.
Randomized controlled trials are challenging due to device diversity.

Conclusions:

Effective management of VAD infections requires understanding current literature.
Standardized definitions and evidence-based strategies are needed.
Ongoing research is essential to improve patient outcomes with VADs.