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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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An Ex vivo Model of an Oligodendrocyte-directed T-Cell Attack in Acute Brain Slices
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Published on: February 5, 2015

Pathogenic CD8 T cells in multiple sclerosis and its experimental models.

Eric S Huseby1, Priya G Huseby, Shivanee Shah

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, MA, USA.

Frontiers in Immunology
|May 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Autoreactive CD8 T cells drive multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis by attacking the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding their mechanisms is key to developing new MS therapies.

Keywords:
MHCT cellsTCRautoimmunitycentral nervous systemexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitismultiple sclerosistolerance

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

An Ex vivo Model of an Oligodendrocyte-directed T-Cell Attack in Acute Brain Slices
06:36

An Ex vivo Model of an Oligodendrocyte-directed T-Cell Attack in Acute Brain Slices

Published on: February 5, 2015

Modeling Multiple Sclerosis in the Two Sexes: MOG35-55-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
05:44

Modeling Multiple Sclerosis in the Two Sexes: MOG35-55-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: October 13, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • CD8 T cells are increasingly implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis.
  • MS lesions show a predominance of CD8 T cells, which target central nervous system (CNS) antigens.
  • Existing models for CD4 T cell-mediated autoimmunity do not fully apply to CD8 T cells in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current models of pathogenic CD8 T cells in CNS autoimmunity.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms employed by CD8 T cells in causing CNS inflammation and damage.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding CD8 T cell evasion of tolerance for MS therapy development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CD8 T cell-mediated CNS autoimmunity.
  • Analysis of experimental model systems for studying pathogenic CD8 T cells in vivo.
  • Characterization of molecular mechanisms of CD8 T cell-induced CNS inflammation and damage.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests CD8 T cells play a significant role in MS disease progression.
  • Pathogenic CD8 T cells in MS target various CNS antigens.
  • Mechanisms of CD8 T cell-induced CNS autoimmunity differ from those of CD4 T cells.

Conclusions:

  • CD8 T cells are critical players in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of CD8 T cells is essential for MS treatment.
  • Targeting CD8 T cell-mediated autoimmunity offers a potential therapeutic strategy for MS.