Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bandpass Sampling01:17

Bandpass Sampling

In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
A bandpass signal has a spectrum with a lower frequency limit, denoted as ω1, and an upper frequency limit, denoted as ω2. The spectrum...
Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff frequency...
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
Scaling01:26

Scaling

In designing and analyzing filters, resonant circuits, or circuit analysis at large, working with standard element values like 1 ohm, 1 henry, or 1 farad can be convenient before scaling these values to more realistic figures. This approach is widely utilized by not employing realistic element values in numerous examples and problems; it simplifies mastering circuit analysis through convenient component values. The complexity of calculations is thereby reduced, with the understanding that...
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Altered development in auditory white matter and cortical response latency in youth with neurofibromatosis type I.

Neuroreport·2026
Same author

Resting-state periodic and aperiodic brain oscillations from birth to preschool years: Aperiodic maturity predicts developmental course.

Developmental cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

Confirmation of a Useful Dark-Room Resting-State Procedure: Periodic and Aperiodic MEG Activity in Children.

Psychophysiology·2026
Same author

Regionally Specific Resting-State Beta Neural Power Predicts Brain Injury and Symptom Recovery in Adolescents with Concussion: A Longitudinal Study.

Journal of neurotrauma·2025
Same author

Auditory evoked neuromagnetic response latency is associated with language ability in preschoolers with an elevated likelihood of intellectual or developmental disability.

Frontiers in integrative neuroscience·2025
Same author

Resting state periodic and aperiodic brain oscillations from birth to preschool years: Aperiodic maturity predicts developmental course.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
15:25

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

Variable bandwidth filtering for improved sensitivity of cross-frequency coupling metrics.

Jeffrey I Berman1, Jonathan McDaniel, Song Liu

  • 1Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Brain Connectivity
|May 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that fixed bandwidth filtering can distort neuronal amplitude modulation, leading to inaccurate cross-frequency coupling (CFC) measurements. A novel variable bandwidth filter preserves amplitude modulation for precise CFC analysis.

More Related Videos

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells
10:16

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells

Published on: August 20, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
15:25

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells
10:16

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells

Published on: August 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) examines interactions between neuronal oscillations.
  • Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) is a common CFC measure, assessing how lower-frequency phases modulate higher-frequency amplitudes.
  • Current PAC studies often use fixed bandwidth filters, potentially compromising signal integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of signal filtering on amplitude modulation in neuronal oscillations.
  • To demonstrate how fixed bandwidth filtering can obscure or create false CFC.
  • To introduce and validate a variable bandwidth filter for accurate PAC measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated time series data with known theta-gamma, alpha-gamma, and beta-gamma PAC were generated.
  • The effects of fixed bandwidth filtering versus a proposed variable bandwidth filtering method were compared.
  • The preservation of amplitude modulation under different filtering conditions was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Fixed bandwidth filtering was shown to distort amplitude modulation and yield false-negative CFC results.
  • The proposed variable bandwidth filter effectively preserved amplitude modulation in simulated data.
  • The variable bandwidth approach demonstrated superior performance for PAC analysis above the theta frequency band.

Conclusions:

  • Fixed bandwidth filtering is inadequate for accurate PAC analysis and can lead to erroneous conclusions.
  • A variable bandwidth filter is essential for preserving amplitude modulation and ensuring reliable CFC measurements.
  • This method is recommended for future studies investigating PAC, particularly for higher frequency modulations.