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Related Concept Videos

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos
08:37

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Published on: October 9, 2020

Small temporal RNAs in animal development.

Nicholas S Sokol1

  • 1Indiana University, Department of Biology, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States. nsokol@indiana.edu

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|May 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The lin-4/miR-125 and let-7 microRNAs regulate temporal cell fate in C. elegans development. These microRNAs, along with miR-100, likely orchestrate nervous system differentiation and neural stem cell multipotency across animals.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The heterochronic pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans development is crucial for temporal cell fate determination.
  • Key regulators of this pathway are the lin-4/miR-125 and let-7 microRNAs.
  • These microRNAs are often clustered with miR-100 in animal genomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conserved role of lin-4/miR-125, let-7, and miR-100 microRNAs in nervous system development.
  • To understand how these microRNAs contribute to cell fate determination and neural stem cell multipotency.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microRNA gene clusters in animal genomes.
  • Examination of temporal and neural expression patterns of these microRNAs.
  • Functional studies on the role of microRNAs in triggering differentiation programs.

Main Results:

  • Identified conserved genomic clustering of lin-4/miR-125, let-7, and miR-100 across diverse animal species.
  • Observed conserved temporal and neural expression profiles for these microRNAs.
  • Demonstrated that these microRNAs trigger sequential differentiation programs.

Conclusions:

  • The lin-4/miR-125, let-7, and miR-100 microRNA cluster plays a fundamental role in temporal cell fate determination during nervous system differentiation.
  • These microRNAs establish birth-order dependent temporal identity, maintaining neural stem cell multipotency.