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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Bioengineering of Humanized Bone Marrow Microenvironments in Mouse and Their Visualization by Live Imaging
10:03

Bioengineering of Humanized Bone Marrow Microenvironments in Mouse and Their Visualization by Live Imaging

Published on: August 1, 2017

Engineering bone tissue from human embryonic stem cells.

Darja Marolt1, Iván Marcos Campos, Sarindr Bhumiratana

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) can regenerate bone. Tissue-engineering protocols using hESC-progenitors created mature bone grafts without teratomas in mice, proving their potential for bone repair.

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Published on: May 25, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Extensive bone defects often result in poor healing due to cell death from tissue damage and hypoxia.
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) possess the potential to differentiate into all bone cell lineages, making them promising for bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of tissue-engineering protocols using hESC-derived mesenchymal progenitors for creating functional bone grafts.
  • To assess the in vivo bone formation and safety profile of engineered bone constructs derived from hESC progenitors.

Main Methods:

  • Cultivation of hESC-derived mesenchymal progenitors on 3D osteoconductive scaffolds within perfusion bioreactors.
  • Implantation of engineered bone constructs into immunodeficient mice for 8 weeks.
  • Histological analysis to evaluate bone matrix formation, maturation, and teratoma presence.

Main Results:

  • Engineered bone constructs were large, compact, and demonstrated maintenance and maturation of bone matrix post-implantation.
  • No teratomas were observed, a significant improvement over undifferentiated hESC implantation.
  • Successful bone regeneration was achieved using tissue-engineered hESC progenitor grafts.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue-engineering protocols utilizing hESC-derived mesenchymal progenitors can successfully generate functional bone grafts.
  • This approach offers a safe and effective strategy for bone regeneration, avoiding teratoma formation associated with undifferentiated hESCs.
  • The study provides a proof of principle for the clinical translation of hESC-based bone tissue engineering.