Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Multilayer Architectures for Facial Action Unit Recognition.

Tingfan Wu, N J Butko, P Ruvolo

    IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a Publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society
    |May 17, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Related Concept Videos

    Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

    Association Areas of the Cortex

    Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
    Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
    Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

    Facial Feedback Hypothesis

    Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role of...

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    The Rapid Long-axis Strain-based Prognostic Models Evaluate Composite Adverse Events for Asymptomatic Dextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries Patients after the Switch Operation.

    Academic radiology·2026
    Same author

    Mammography Based Nomogram Integrating Radiomics and Clinical Features to Predict Benign or Malignant Regression of BI-RADS 4A Lesions at Follow-Up.

    International journal of women's health·2025
    Same author

    Significant dose reduction employing dual-low-dose PET/CT in pediatric lymphoma: maintaining diagnostic, staging, and response-assessing efficacy.

    European radiology·2025
    Same author

    Prediction of solid pseudopapillary tumor invasiveness of the pancreas based on multiphase contrast-enhanced CT radiomics nomogram.

    Frontiers in oncology·2025
    Same author

    Clinical comprehensive evaluation of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-FAP-NUR PET: multi-time-point imaging, head-to-head comparison with [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG.

    European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging·2025
    Same author

    Clinical significance of post-chemoradiotherapy 2-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/CT response in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A real-world study.

    Oral oncology·2025
    Same journal

    Strategic Ability Updating in Concurrent Games by Coalitional Commitment.

    IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society·2015
    Same journal

    Meta-Analysis of the First Facial Expression Recognition Challenge.

    IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society·2012
    Same journal

    Adjustable model-based fusion method for multispectral and panchromatic images.

    IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society·2012
    Same journal

    Face Feature Weighted Fusion Based on Fuzzy Membership Degree for Video Face Recognition.

    IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society·2012
    Same journal

    A New Adaptive Fast Cellular Automaton Neighborhood Detection and Rule Identification Algorithm.

    IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society·2012
    Same journal

    Human-arm-and-hand-dynamic model with variability analyses for a stylus-based haptic interface.

    IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics : a publication of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society·2012
    See all related articles

    Adding a second layer of nonlinear texture filters, like Gabor energy filters (GEFs) and local binary patterns (LBPs), consistently improves action unit recognition performance in computer vision tasks.

    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Machine Learning
    • Pattern Recognition

    Background:

    • Nonlinear texture filters enhance computer vision, particularly in expression recognition.
    • Gabor energy filters (GEFs) and local binary patterns (LBPs) are popular feature extraction methods.
    • Recent studies suggest dual-layer filter architectures may offer further improvements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To empirically analyze the performance of single-layer and dual-layer texture-based approaches for action unit recognition.
    • To compare the effectiveness of Gabor energy filters (GEFs) and local binary patterns (LBPs) in different layer architectures.
    • To determine optimal filter selection and layer architecture for improved recognition performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Implemented and evaluated single-layer and dual-layer filter architectures.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized Gabor energy filters (GEFs) and local binary patterns (LBPs) as nonlinear texture filters.
  • Conducted thorough empirical analysis across various datasets for action unit recognition.

    • Main Results:

    • In single-layer systems, GEFs consistently outperformed LBPs due to robustness and multi-resolution texture encoding.
    • Dual-layer systems demonstrated a reliable, albeit small, performance improvement over single-layer systems.
    • For the second layer in dual-layer systems, LBPs showed superior performance compared to GEFs.

    Conclusions:

    • Dual-layer texture-based approaches offer consistent benefits for action unit recognition.
    • The choice of filter (GEFs vs. LBPs) is dependent on its position within the layer architecture.
    • Further research into optimal dual-layer architectures and filter combinations is warranted.