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Herpes simplex type 2 encephalitis concurrent with known cerebral metastases.

H J Manz, T M Phillips, D C McCullough

    Acta Neuropathologica
    |August 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    A lung cancer patient experienced neurological issues due to brain metastases and a rare Herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis. This case highlights how cancer patients can develop neurological complications from multiple causes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Virology

    Background:

    • A 62-year-old woman with alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung presented with neurological deficits.
    • Initial symptoms included dysphasia and right hand paresis, treated with Decadron, chemotherapy, and cranial radiation.

    Observation:

    • Neurological status dramatically improved after initial treatment, but later, involuntary movements of the left hand emerged.
    • The patient progressed to seizures, status epilepticus, coma, and ultimately death.

    Findings:

    • Autopsy revealed widespread bronchoalveolar carcinoma, brain metastases, and evidence of Herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis.
    • Histopathology showed Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions in neural cells, consistent with viral infection.

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    Implications:

    • This case underscores the possibility of concurrent intracranial metastases and viral encephalitis in cancer patients.
    • It highlights Herpes simplex virus type 2 as a potential cause of severe neurological complications in immunocompromised individuals.
    • Clinical neuroscientists must consider multiple etiologies for neurological deterioration in patients with systemic cancer.