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Related Concept Videos

Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process.
Chest Physiotherapy01:24

Chest Physiotherapy

Chest Physiotherapy (CPT) is a therapeutic technique used in respiratory care to improve ventilation, clear bronchial secretions, and enhance the efficiency of respiratory muscles. This therapy includes three primary procedures: postural drainage, percussion, and vibration. It can be performed on spontaneously breathing patients and those who are intubated and mechanically ventilated.
Purpose
CPT is primarily used for patients with excessive bronchial secretions who have difficulty clearing...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling
15:11

Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling

Published on: January 5, 2015

Chest wall deformities in pediatric surgery.

Robert J Obermeyer1, Michael J Goretsky

  • 1Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700 West Olney Road, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA. Robert.Obermeyer@chkd.org

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|May 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This article discusses congenital and acquired chest wall deformities, focusing on pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum. It covers their causes, how they develop, evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment options.

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Surgical Fixation of Sternal Fractures: Preoperative Planning and a Safe Surgical Technique Using Locked Titanium Plates and Depth Limited Drilling
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Published on: February 10, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Chest wall deformities are broadly classified into congenital and acquired types.
  • Congenital deformities manifest from birth to early adolescence.
  • Acquired deformities often result from prior thoracic surgery or diaphragmatic hernia repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of chest wall deformities.
  • To detail the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical evaluation, diagnosis, and management.
  • To focus on the most prevalent forms: pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
  • Analysis of etiological factors and pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Description of diagnostic modalities and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Pectus excavatum (88%) and pectus carinatum (5%) are the most common congenital chest wall deformities.
  • Etiology varies from genetic factors to post-surgical complications.
  • Management approaches range from conservative to surgical interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Chest wall deformities require a thorough understanding of their diverse origins and presentations.
  • Accurate diagnosis and tailored management are crucial for optimal patient outcomes.
  • Further research into genetic and developmental pathways may enhance treatment efficacy.