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Related Concept Videos

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...

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Related Experiment Videos

Persistent pain following lumbar disc replacement.

Kevin L Wininger1, Kedar K Deshpande, Michelle L Bester

  • 1Orthopaedic & Spine Center in Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Radiologic Technology
|May 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) effectively manages intractable pain after artificial disc replacement when other treatments fail. This neuroaugmentive technique significantly improved a patient's quality of life and reduced pain by over 75%.

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Area of Science:

  • Spinal surgery
  • Pain management
  • Biomechanical modeling

Background:

  • Facet and sacroiliac joint pain after lumbar total disc replacement (TDR) correlates with biomechanical load transfer.
  • Intractable pain following TDR often necessitates advanced treatment options when conventional therapies are exhausted.

Observation:

  • A patient with persistent pain post-TDR, unresponsive to injections and physical therapy over three years, was considered for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) over reoperation.
  • A constant-current multiple source SCS system was implanted.

Findings:

  • At 12-month follow-up, the implanted SCS system reduced the patient's pain by over 75%.
  • The patient reported significant improvements in quality of life, including restored restful sleep.

Implications:

  • Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) presents a viable and effective neuroaugmentive technique for managing refractory pain associated with artificial disc implants.
  • This case highlights the potential of SCS as an alternative to fusion surgery for intractable pain after TDR.