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Engineering muscle tissues on microstructured polyelectrolyte multilayer films.

Claire Monge1, Kefeng Ren, Kevin Berton

  • 1LMGP, CNRS UMR 5628 (LMGP), Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, Grenoble Cedex, France.

Tissue Engineering. Part A
|May 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study engineered skeletal muscle tissue using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films. Optimal microgroove dimensions guided cell alignment and differentiation into mature myotubes, showing promise for muscle tissue regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Surface coatings enhance biomaterial functionality for improved cellular interactions.
  • Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films offer tunable properties for tissue engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined effects of microstructured PDMS and modulated PEM film stiffness on skeletal muscle cell differentiation and myotube formation.
  • To identify optimal topographical and mechanical cues for guiding skeletal muscle cell alignment, maturation, and tissue development.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of PDMS substrates with varying microgroove widths (5, 10, 30, 100 µm).
  • Coating PDMS with poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronic acid (PLL/HA) PEM films of modulated stiffness.
  • Culturing skeletal muscle cells on these substrates and analyzing cell alignment, differentiation, nuclei morphology, and myotube maturation via immunolabeling.

Main Results:

  • Skeletal myoblasts collectively aligned to microgrooves prior to differentiation.
  • Optimal myotube formation and maturation were achieved under specific groove widths and PEM stiffness conditions.
  • Nuclei deformation and impaired myotube maturation were observed in 5 µm grooves due to spatial constraints.
  • Myotube width averaged 10-12 µm, with maturation assessed by type II isomyosin expression.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of PDMS and PEM films provides a powerful platform for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
  • Microgroove topography significantly influences myoblast alignment and myotube maturation, with 5 µm grooves showing detrimental spatial constraints.
  • This approach holds potential for developing engineered muscle tissues with enhanced functionality and for studying muscle pathologies.