Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice
07:15

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice

Published on: April 8, 2013

60.0K

Inhaled hypertonic saline in infants and children younger than 6 years with cystic fibrosis: the ISIS randomized

Margaret Rosenfeld1, Felix Ratjen, Lyndia Brumback

  • 1Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA. margaret.rosenfeld@seattlechildrens.org

JAMA
|May 22, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Inhaled hypertonic saline did not reduce pulmonary exacerbations in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study found no significant difference in exacerbation rates between hypertonic saline and isotonic saline treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Inhaled hypertonic saline is a recommended therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients aged 6 years and older.
  • The efficacy of inhaled hypertonic saline in CF patients younger than 6 years has not been previously evaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if inhaled hypertonic saline reduces the rate of pulmonary exacerbations in CF patients younger than 6 years.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of hypertonic saline in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Infant Study of Inhaled Saline in Cystic Fibrosis - ISIS) was conducted.
  • 321 participants aged 4 to 60 months with CF received either 7% hypertonic saline or 0.9% isotonic saline twice daily for 48 weeks.
  • The primary outcome was the rate of protocol-defined pulmonary exacerbations requiring antibiotic treatment.

Main Results:

  • The mean pulmonary exacerbation rate was 2.3 events per person-year in both the hypertonic saline and isotonic saline groups (adjusted rate ratio 0.98; 95% CI, 0.84-1.15).
  • No significant differences were observed in secondary endpoints, including growth, respiratory symptoms, or lung function (exploratory outcome).
  • Adverse event profiles were similar between groups, with cough being the most common moderate/severe event.

Conclusions:

  • Inhaled hypertonic saline, compared to isotonic saline, did not reduce the rate of pulmonary exacerbations in infants and children younger than 6 years with CF over 48 weeks.
  • The findings suggest that current recommendations for hypertonic saline therapy in CF may not extend to children under 6 years of age.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Forskolin-induced Swelling in Intestinal Organoids: An In Vitro Assay for Assessing Drug Response in Cystic Fibrosis Patients07:04

Forskolin-induced Swelling in Intestinal Organoids: An In Vitro Assay for Assessing Drug Response in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Published on: February 11, 2017

18.9K
Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

2.5K

Related Concept Videos

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
1.8K
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
2.1K
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
1.1K
Cystic Fibrosis: Management01:24

Cystic Fibrosis: Management

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
Sinus disease and chronic...
657
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway01:29

Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

Nasopharyngeal suctioning is a procedure to remove secretions from the upper part of the respiratory tract that the patient cannot clear independently. It helps maintain airway patency and prevents complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
Equipment Required
6.5K