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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...

Aneurysm I: Introduction

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model

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[Left ventricle free wall rupture - a 10-year experience].

Rui Ferreira¹, J Gallego, M Mendes

¹Serviço de Cardio-Torácica do Hospital de Santa Maria, CHLN, Lisboa.

Revista Portuguesa De Cirurgia Cardio-Toracica E Vascular : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade Portuguesa De Cirurgia Cardio-Toracica E Vascular

|May 22, 2012

Summary

Left ventricle free wall rupture, a lethal myocardial infarction complication, can be treated surgically without extracorporeal circulation. This technique offers a safer, quicker option for a previously fatal condition.

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

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Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Cardiac Surgery

Background:

Left ventricle free wall rupture is a severe complication of myocardial infarction.
It has historically high morbidity and mortality rates.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of surgical closure of left ventricle free wall rupture without extracorporeal circulation.
To assess outcomes in patients treated between 2000 and 2010.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 35 patients undergoing surgical repair for left ventricle free wall rupture.
Repair involved direct closure using pericardium/synthetic patches and histoacryl glue, without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Main Results:

Mean patient age was 69.5 years, with 65.7% males.
Rupture occurred at a mean of 2.9 days post-infarction, frequently involving anterior/lateral walls.
94.7% of patients were in shock pre-operatively.
In-hospital mortality was 28.6%, with 86% survival at 2.5 years.
Mean ICU stay was 7.9 days.

Conclusions:

Surgical repair of left ventricle free wall rupture without extracorporeal circulation is feasible.
Despite high initial mortality, the procedure offers a survival benefit for a critical condition.
The technique is relatively safe, simple, and quick, improving outcomes for patients with left ventricle free wall rupture.